Study on the Dynamic Association between Optimized Protein Intake Strategies and Metabolic Inflammatory Markers in Older Adults with Sarcopenic Obesity

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of optimized protein intake strategies on metabolic inflammatory markers in elderly patients with sarcopenic obesity. This prospective study enrolled 384 older adults with sarcopenic obesity, randomized into a control group (standard dietary intervention) and an observation group (standard diet plus optimized protein intake). Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 6, and 12 months, measuring metabolic-inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-α, CRP, irisin), muscle-related indices (SMI, HGS), obesity-related indices (BMI), nutritional parameters, and Sarcopenia Quality of Life (SarQoL) scores. At 6 and 12 months, inflammatory markers decreased significantly in both groups, with lower levels in the observation group (P < 0.05). Muscle mass and function improved significantly, while fat accumulation decreased, with superior results in the observation group. Nutritional indices and SarQoL scores also increased significantly, showing greater improvements in the observation group compared to controls (P < 0.05). Optimized protein intake strategies significantly ameliorate metabolic inflammatory status, reduce inflammatory markers, enhance muscle mass and function, decrease fat accumulation, and improve nutritional status and quality of life, warranting clinical promotion.