Sex-related Differences in the Orbital Area of Bulgarians – a 3D Laser Scanning

Authors

  • Tsvetanka Petleshkova Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria
  • Stefan Sivkov Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria
  • Atanas Baltadjiev Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria
  • Zdravka Harizanova Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria
  • Hristo Manev Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria
  • Ralitsa Raycheva Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria
  • Pavel Timonov Department of Pathologic Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7546/CRABS.2024.03.11

Keywords:

Bulgarians, 3D laser scanning, orbital measurements

Abstract

The present study aimed to provide up-to-date information on normal sex-related dimensions of the orbital region in young Bulgarian adults, using a 3D laser scanner. The three-dimensional coordinates of several soft-tissue landmarks on the orbits and face were obtained using a hand-held laser scanner (FastSCAN Cobra, Polhemus Inc, Colchester VT) in 95 healthy individuals (46 males and 49 females) of Bulgarian origin aged 21–30 years. From the landmarks outer and intercanthal widths, length of eye fissure, and height of the orbit were calculated and averaged for sex. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-test. Statistically significant difference was found in outer canthal width, both eyes fissure length, and orbital height between sexes. The differences in the inner canthal width did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05). The data of the present study could serve as a quantitative characteristic of human orbital morphology. Forensic applications, evaluations of traumas, craniofacial alterations, and facial reconstruction may also benefit from the data.

Author Biographies

Tsvetanka Petleshkova, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria

Mailing Address:
Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology,
Faculty of Medicine,
Medical University of Plovdiv,
15A Vassil Aprilov Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria

E-mail: tsvetanka.petleshkova@mu-plovdiv.bg

Stefan Sivkov, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria

Mailing Address:
Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology,
Faculty of Medicine,
Medical University of Plovdiv
15A Vassil Aprilov Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria

E-mail: stefan.sivkov@mu-plovdiv.bg

Atanas Baltadjiev, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria

Mailing Address:
Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology,
Faculty of Medicine,
Medical University of Plovdiv
15A Vassil Aprilov Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria

E-mail: atanas.baltadzhiev@mu-plovdiv.bg

Zdravka Harizanova, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria

Mailing Address:
Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology,
Faculty of Medicine,
Medical University of Plovdiv
15A Vassil Aprilov Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria

E-mail: zdravka.harizanova@mu-plovdiv.bg

Hristo Manev, Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria

Mailing Address:
Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics,
Faculty of Pharmacy,
Medical University of Plovdiv,
15A Vassil Aprilov Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria

E-mail: hristo.manev@mu-plovdiv.bg

Ralitsa Raycheva, Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria

Mailing Address:
Department of Social Medicine and Public Health,
Faculty of Public Health,
Medical University of Plovdiv,
15a Vassil Aprilov Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria

E-mail: r.raycheva@mu-plovdiv.bg

Pavel Timonov, Department of Pathologic Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria

Mailing Address:
Department of Pathologic Anatomy and Forensic Medicine,
Faculty of Medicine,
Medical University of Plovdiv,
15a Vassil Aprilov Blvd, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria

E-mail: pavel.timonov@mu-plovdiv.bg

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Published

31-03-2024

How to Cite

[1]
T. Petleshkova, “Sex-related Differences in the Orbital Area of Bulgarians – a 3D Laser Scanning”, C. R. Acad. Bulg. Sci., vol. 77, no. 3, pp. 408–415, Mar. 2024.

Issue

Section

Medicine