Soil Salinization in Ujar Region of Azerbaijan with Index Application and Various Methods Comparison

Abstract

This study analyzes the application of various salinity indices (SI, SI2, SI3, NDSI) to assess the level of soil salinity in Ujar region. Based on the data obtained using remote sensing and GIS technologies, the areas of soil salinity distribution were determined. By comparing different indices, the extent to which each method showed different levels of salinity was analyzed. The obtained results provide important indicators for determining the risk of salinization in the soils and the use of these data in agriculture and nature management. This approach is an important tool for accurate assessment and analysis of soil salinity. Conducting soil monitoring in the Ujar region, which is the region that best meets the needs of agriculture in the Azerbaijan Republic, is a very pressing issue. The highest regression accuracy for all points and separately for crops was obtained for images for May 13, 2023, low – for July 16, 2023 and for November 2, 2023. On May 13, almost all crops were actively growing, and on November 2, the surface of the fields was open. The best regressions were obtained for the period of active vegetation of crops. The southwestern and central parts of Ujar are more exposed to salinity.